The Governments and States of Locke, Aquinas, and St....

In John Lockes Second Treatise of Government, he identifies a government that is of the peoples consent with his essential raison d#900;à ªtre being the preservation and protection of personal property. This type of government is extremely comparable with the type of government that St. Augustine describes in his work City of God, while at the same time contrasts the views of Aquinas in the ways a state should operate. The end goal of how each of these philosophers states purposes presents the greatest split between each of their philosophies. To understand how each of these philosophers states are similar and different from each other, a deeper analysis is necessary. The first and possibly most striking similarity between the†¦show more content†¦Therefore, Locke argues that in order to have a legitimate set of laws, they must be based on very solid foundations which cannot be subject to argument. Such foundations would be the protection of property, as well as the preservation of an individuals personal rights and freedoms. The role of the government in the eyes of Locke is very simple. It is to protect the peace, safety, security, and public good of the people. Locke arrives at this conclusion from the reasoning behind leaving the state of nature and entering civil society. We leave the state of nature (perfect freedom and perfect equality) in order to be free from being infringed upon by others. Although we must give up some of our freedoms for protection, they are small compared to the benefits of protection that we receive from civil society. To simplify things, we can simply refer to the role of government as to protect our private property. This private property includes our lives, personal rights, and physical objects. In order for the government to be doing its job correctly, Locke believes that all three of these must be protected. Aquinas is contrary to Locke in the respect that he believes the primary role of the government is to make its citizens better people. Aquinas believes that the citizens of a state will become moral if they are repeatedly forced to abide by laws that are based on virtue.Show MoreRelated The Governments and States of Locke, Aquinas, and St. Augustine1375 Words   |  6 PagesLocke’s Second Treatise of Government, he identifies a government that is of the peoples consent with his essential raison damp;#900;à ªtre being the preservation and protection of personal property. This type of government is extremely comparable with the type of government that St. Augustine describes in his work City of God, while at the same time contrasts the views of Aquinas in the ways a state should operate. The end goal of how each of these philosophers’ states purposes presents the greatestRead MoreEuthanasia: An Ethical Dilemma Essay1810 Words   |  8 Pagesappropriate for a doctor? M ore so, euthanasia raises the argument of the different ideas that people have about the value of the human experience. Philosopher, Ezekial Emanuel, asserts that the ethical belief in the 19th and 20th century in the United States are reminiscent of those today, both in terms of content and ferocity. Emanuel adds that interest in euthanasia arose historically and predictably from (1) economic recession or movements of Social Darwinism; (2) doctors who engaged in a struggleRead MoreCatal Hyuk2725 Words   |  11 PagesHammurabi’s Codes/Laws Stele Assyrians Economic Specialization Stratified Patriarchal Society Elite, Commoner, Dependent, Slave Cuneiform Moses Polytheism Cross-Cultural Interaction Cross-Cultural Exchange Semitic City-state Hammurabi Indo-Europeans Hittites Hanging Gardens of Babylon Bronze and Iron Metallurgy Pastoral Nomads Hebrews, Israelites, Jews Abraham Monotheism Phoenicians MAP: Oceans Seas Continents Indian SubcontinentRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagesethical truths, and how such truths could be known. Ethics is also associated with the idea of morality. Platos early dialogues include a search for definitions of virtue. †¢ Political philosophy is the study of government and the relationship of individuals and communities to the state. It includes questions about justice, the good, law, property, and the rights and obligations of the citizen. †¢ Aesthetics deals with beauty, art, enjoyment, sensory-emotional values, perception, and matters of

There is Danger of a House Price Bubble In London Coursework

Essays on There is Danger of a House Price Bubble In London Coursework ï » ¿There is Danger of a House Price Bubble In London In the current economic times, there is nothing financial that is predictable. Most countries, even those rich in natural resources such as oil, have had to deal with a dip in prices of the commodity that is threatening their economies (Kalotay 2015). On looking at countries such as the UK and the US, one thing that is clear and that does not seem to stop worrying investors is the volatility in the price of houses. From the year 2001, there has been a boom in the property market (Martin 2011). People have reaped millions of pounds from the surge in demand for houses. In the US, the post 9/11 scenario saw a shift in demand for houses from one corner of the planet to the other. Places that have been affected the most by this flux are Dubai, Islamabad, the US, and the UK (Martin 2011). There are several others that have witnessed the property bubble as seen in the UK, a bubble that is now busting. This paper will explore the real danger a house price bubble can pose to a country and mos t specifically, London. Before the paper can go any deeper into the topic, it is crucial that it explains briefly what a price bubble is. A property price bubble is essentially a run-up of prices of housing majorly fueled by demand, speculation, and a belief that the most recent history of an economic situation is a foolproof forecast of the future. A house bubble start with skyrocketing demand (mainly a shift of the demand curve from the left to the right) in the face of a failing supply or a limited supply taking a relatively long period to replenish the gap the demand creates (King 2010). The market then speculates that they can make short-term purchase and selling of the houses and make quick profits. The belief then fuels more demand for the property in question. After some time, the demand for the houses either stagnates or decreases (the curve shifting to he left) yet the supply had been propped to keep up with the demand. The situation results in a sharp decline in the price of houses and the price bubble, therefore, busts. The price bubble, as seen above is dependent on having buyers who buy property at prices they know so well are fictitious but are willing to buy the commodities at such prices as they believe that, after all, there will still be another ‘fool’ willing to pay as much as they can to have the property and resell it at a profit. The result is a situation of unreasonable demand and highly priced commodities, prices that cannot sustain themselves. The rise in the cost of houses brought about people looking at houses as investments and not homes. It reduced the number of individuals who wanted to build their houses and instead encouraged them to borrow money from banks so as to buy the houses. Discussing the price bubble is paramount. The fact that people are made to believe that a hike in prices is favorable for business is wrong for the performance of the economy. Price bubbles affect many individuals who had invested in the property which in turn affects the economy. When prices of commodities go up, many people rush to buy the commodity with belief that the price will continue going up and that they will later be selling at an enormous profit. When this happens, buyers do not pay attention at the price of the commodity and in the case of this paper, housing. Such rates are clearly overstated, but the belief that the demand will persist, and prices only go higher does convince buyers to invest the more. Sooner than later the reality dawns and the prices nosedive leaving property agents and real estate investors, including individual brokers distraught. The surge in prices is evidently not in line with the increase in income or wages which means that while people are buy ing the houses at ballooned prices, they do not have any increase in income leaving them with less money to cover for other expenses. Worse still, the people who used loans to buy the property in the hope that they will right after sell it at a profit find difficulty repaying the loan as they cannot even sell the property at the price they bought it at. Such issues are the same that affect London. Wales recorded a decline of 1-5% in the cost of property. Some areas have recorded a drop of over 10%. In Manchester and York, the prices have dropped significantly (Duca, Muellbauer, Murphy 2012). Nonetheless, the drop can only be so much, and the prices stabilize clearly at a level that is still unaffordable to the middle-income earners. Those that had bought the houses at very high prices are forced to rent the houses out as they avoid selling the house in losses. The result is people paying even more for rent. Statistics shows that those in their mid-twenties in the UK will by paying at least  £66,800 in rent even before they are thirty (Duca, Muellbauer, Murphy 2012). The people who benefit from price bubbles are banks. The demand for property, which is coupled with the fact that those who want to invest in properties may not have enough money, is what brings about a need to acquire loans from banks. Typically the banks can addres s the bubble before it becomes unstable but they do not as they are more interested in the profits the mortgages will bring them (Conlon 2014). In conclusion, the price bubble is real, and it is affecting scores of Londoners. As discussed above, people are normally likely to be carried away by a rise in prices of property forgetting to evaluate the risks involved if they bought the property and expected the price to rise even more and make profits from the sale. While inflation is rising in almost every part of the planet, the prices of property had been the most exaggerated in recent years. Since the market cannot support his prices at a record high, the likelihood of the property bringing in more losses is evident. Currently, people are paying more for rent and, unfortunately, are servicing mortgages that did not help bring them the anticipated profits. References Conlon, John R. Should central banks burst bubbles? Some microeconomic issues. The Economic Journal, 2014. Duca, John, John Muellbauer, and Anthony Murphy. Credit standards and the bubble in US house prices: new econometric evidence. Property Markets and Financial Stability, 2012. Kalotay, Kalman. The impact of the new ruble crisis on Russian FDI. Baltic Rim Economies–Bimonthly Economic Review 1, 2015. King, Peter. Housing Boom and Bust Owner Occupation, Government Regulation and the Credit Crunch. London: Routledge, 2010. Martin, Ron. The local geographies of the financial crisis: from the housing bubble to economic recession and beyond. Journal of Economic Geography, 2011.

Institutional Perspectives on Entrepreneurial Behavior †MyAssignmenth

Question: Discuss about the Institutional Perspectives on Entrepreneurial Behavior. Answer: Introduction: Gina Rinehart is an Australian entrepreneur, who was born in 1954 in Western Australia and she was the only child to her parents Hope Margaret Nicholas and Lang Hancock. She studied economics at the University of Sydney and when her fathers company get bankrupted, she took over his fathers company. Today the company is included in the leading companies of Australia. In the year 1992, Rinehart was appointed to the position of Chairman of Hancock Pty Ltd. and of HPPL Group of Companies due to her fathers death. With her entrepreneurial skills, she has made joint ventures with various organization to reduce the debts of HPPL Pty Ltd. She is also known as the queen of global iron-ore trade. Along with Hancock enterprises, she owned oil and gas companies too. She finalized a deal of $7.2 billion from the global banks and credit agencies to establish developing an iron-ore mine named Roy Hill. It is regarded as the biggest mines across the globe (Ferguson, 2012). Gina Rineharts main feature is her self-confidence and on the basis of this quality, she could efficiently handle her fathers bankrupt company. Secondly, some useful joint-ventures in mine project helped her to amass great wealth and fame. Another important characteristic Gina Rinehart as an enterpreneur was that she was very determined individual who had the vision to safeguard her fathers legacy from precarious position . Inspiration and dedication are the some of the characteristics of an entrepreneurship that helps them to achieve their unsurmountable vision (Zolin Schlosser, 2013). This is related to the achievement theory of McClelland which states that entrepreneurs try to do things in a new way and take major decisions under uncertainty (McClelland, 2015). Hence, this element of entrepreneurship is dependent on motivation and the feeling of getting things done. An entrepreneur is known for its unique ideas and for creativity and Gina Rinehart possessed these qualities too (Rozell, et. al., 2011). The key changes that an entrepreneur brings in business includes innovation in production and marketing and expansion of goods and products. This fact is supported by the Innovation theory of Schumpter which stated that entrepreneurs act as catalysts who activates new level of development by means of innovation O?ledzik, 2013). Hence, with innovative approaches, Gina Rinehart kept expanding her business operations. Type of Entrepreneur Gina Rinehart took the challenge of rebuilding the image of HPPL Pty Ltd. and showed her skills which helped the organization to gain the effective position in Australia. Gina Rineharts entrepreneurship skills match with the accomplished entrepreneurs. Accomplished entrepreneurs are those who have gone through different stages of entreneurship and achieves success. They are individuals who have clear idea about things needed for success in business. They have achieved the competency needed to engage with consumers and overcome major business issues. Gina Rinehart also has such skills and influential in the role of reviving the mine industry. (Andersson, Curley Formica, 2010). Just like accomplished entrepreneur, Gina also witnessed challenging situations while setting up the business. Despite different issues in achieving her goal, she started learning from her own mistakes and started improving her skills to rebuild the image of HPPL Pty Ltd. in the market. Gina Rinehart was involved in number of industry and she was filled with skills to handle multiple tasks at one time and she uses her most time as the most powerful weapon and reaches to the position of most successful entrepreneurs in Australia. Rineharts strategies implemented to enhance the performance of her fathers organizations as well as her iron-ore mines were so effective and efficient enough to cope up with the market conditions and consumer demand. Gina Rinehart is the most successful yet most controversial entrepreneur. While considering positive aspects of her entrepreneurship skills, it can be said that she has the skills to foresee and evaluate conditions of market and adapt strategies as per the market conditions. This reflected her talent as an entrepreneur. Due to this talent only, she managed to find an effective place in the iron-ore mines. With this skills only, she has been able to pull off the worlds biggest on-land mining project and this will make her company, Hancock the fourth largest exporter in Australia (Tasker Tasker, 2017). Due to the adaptation of a bankrupted organization, not a single existing employee was ready to work with Gina but she convinced some talented employees with her entrepreneurial skills. As she was known for her positive mind strategy, she used to believe in herself and due to this belief; she was able to achieve effective positions in various Australian industries (Stam, 2015). There are many controversial aspects of Ginas personality too. Very few staffs were responsive to her needs because she has a command and control type of leadership. Due to her demanding quality, her executive staffs working with her could not establish a long-term relationship. This is an example of micro-management approach of leadership and this is contrast with inspirational leadership style. Ginas actions showed her insecurity as a rational for authoritative leadership style (Tasker Tasker, 2017). Gina Rineharts Temperament Gina Rinehart never mixed her personal and professional life despite various instabilities in her personal life. She inherited her father's bankrupted business but with his positive attitude and confidence, she managed to rebuild the organization. She was an introvert human being but after entering into her father's organization, drastic change was recorded in her behaviour. She turned into an extrovert kind of person. It was noticed various times that Gina Rinehart's businesses were influenced by political policies but she tackled them adequately (Welter Smallbone, 2011). Entrepreneurial orientation is defined as the ability of entrepreneur to take the organization to the next level. Gina proves herself by achieving new milestones in the mine industries. Entrepreneurial orientation also describes that entrepreneur should be able to take risks, implements innovative ideas and creative thinking that will be used to enhance the performance of the organization (Covin Wales, 2012). Ginas father gave her the first opportunity to prove herself as an entrepreneur and she did not fail. She used to manage tasks of her father and helped him to operate in HPPL Pty Ltd. and another group of companies. After her fathers death, she managed to reach to the next level using her innovative ideas, unique skills, and qualitative work. This was the best source of motivation and this turned as the inspiring or motivational factor in her life and later on, she got involved in certain other industries like iron-ore mines, etc. (Stefanovic, Prokic Rankovi?, 2010). The best motivational factor for a human being is his/her success and many successful ventures instilled confidence in Gina Rinehart. A mixture of confidence, innovative skills, unique approaches and success were her motivational factors. Entrepreneurs are known for their unique skills, innovative ideas and for risk taking behavior. In every situation, an entrepreneur has some unique ideas apart from other business operators to turn the things up in a positive manner for their organization or in other words, entrepreneurs are dynamic in nature, they change their strategies as per the business conditions. She is an extrovert kind of person and her skills of performing the task involved the combination of self-confidence as well control over certain things. As she was involved in multiple industries, still she focused on every industrys performance and their working procedures very adequately. This shows her positive attitude towards her professional life (Kautonen, Van Gelderen Tornikoski, 2013). Contradiction of Entrepreneurship Being an entrepreneur, there are a lot of contradictions and amongst them, some are studied and learned while being in such role practically. An entrepreneur needs to use their crucial weapon i.e. time in an adequate manner so that their professional and personal life does not get affected. Some of the contradictions are discussed below which has been identified while researching about Gina Rinehart: Future aspects are studied and while studying future aspects of the business environment, current aspects are ignored and implementation of strategies does not bring results as expected. Entrepreneurship is the process performed by single person hence, time consumption is much more and entrepreneurs fail to share his/her time with people around them Entrepreneur finds the way to remove their weaknesses rather than concentrating on improving their strengths. Building a market image and making a consistent image is not required because producing adequate quantity and quality is required. Hence, the market image will automatically develop and improved (Bjerregaard Lauring, 2012). The entrepreneur does not give real importance to the location of business; they believe in their efforts and build the effective image of an organization through their hard works. An entrepreneur always has an inspirational approach. Gina Rinehart used to take inspiration from her father and one day she got the opportunity to prove herself in which she succeeded with merit marks (Naud, 2010). Entrepreneurs have the ability to build their effective place in any business industry rather being specific and apart from that, they are determinant towards their work. Gina Rinehart had learnt various lessons regarding dynamic business environment from her father. Entrepreneurs are always ready to take risks for setting up an effective image in the business environment. Entrepreneurs believe in motivation and motivating its employees so that optimum results could be obtained as per the expectations. Gina Rinehart has a positive outlook towards her professional as well as towards her personal life. Her colleagues and the employees working under her control always love to work with her as she was known as the motivator. Importance of teamwork Team work is very crucial in terms of every business enterprise because large number of activities cannot be performed and controlled by one person. Hence, team is required to perform the activities of a business organization. Gina Rinehart, an Australian entrepreneur also believed in teamwork. She came up as a leader with innovative skills and unique ideas to support the organization. If she would not work with existing experienced members of the organization, Gina would not have achieved the position she enjoys today. Therefore, it is a suitable and best example of teamwork as per this scenario and as per various business experts, an organization could be able to achieve its desired objectives only through teamwork (Hunziker, et. al., 2011). Gina Rinehart did not faced huge hurdles in her professional life. There were certain challenges which were accepted by Gina and she performed against those challenges adequately and effectively. She becomes Chairman of HPPL Pty Ltd after his fathers death. Then she developed certain joint venture in mineral resources limited to promote her fathers organization and she also got involved in an iron-ore industry to build her own image. She succeeded their too and achieved high position in the iron-ore industry. She developed another joint venture with Rio Tinto which is known as the largest organization in terms of iron-ore mines. After achieving all these, she became the number one woman in terms of financial capital in Australia. This term is used in legal terms for bankruptcy cases. Under this term, while the bank or any other financial institution acquires the property of debt taken to repay those debts. The owner of the property or any other on behalf of the owner could acquire some asset for their living. Acquired asset could be justified as used in the business purpose, and then it will be known as the tool of the trade. For instance, Gina Rinehart took over her fathers bankrupted firms by claiming one of the companys properties for their living and there she started commencing business activities in relevance to mineral and exploration activities. Today this company is known as the leading company in Australia and this is due to the hardwork of Gina Rinehart. Apart from the property of her father, she acquired some important assets such as mineral extraction machinery which is used for performing basic activities of the organization (Campa, 2015). Knowledge about entrepreneurship After reviewing the case study of Gina Rinehart, it can be said that entrepreneurship consists of various unique elements such as innovative skills, ideas, talent and effective approaches to build a unique image in the business environment. Entrepreneurs do not will to work under any pressure or control, in other words, they try to be their own boss rather working as an employee. Entrepreneurs works with a view to setup business by using adequate strategies and maintain the image of an organization. Traditionally, an entrepreneur was termed as a person who starts the business by himself and performs all the activities by himself only. Entrepreneur used to operate the small business due to lack of capital, lack of awareness of arranging capital resources, etc. But, now this definition has changed and today effective entrepreneurs are engaging in various activities to sustain competitive advantage in business. Mark Zuckerberg, CEO, and founder of Facebook, Steve Jobs, ex-CEO and co-founder of Apple Inc., are some of the huge personalities in the entrepreneurship world and they have achieved various objectives. Common objectives between Zuckerberg and Jobs is they started their business with a view to change the world with their thinking and today Facebook is a social media software which is used in almost all parts of the globe and Apples products are effective enough to in showing the standard of its users and these are the phones which cannot be affected by virus. Gina Rinehart also followed the same path of changing the world through her thinking and as a result, her fathers organization which was bankrupted at a certain time is now the leading company in Australia.. Along with this, she is the richest person in Australia. References Andersson, T., Curley, M. G., Formica, P. (2010). Types of Entrepreneurs. InKnowledge-Driven Entrepreneurship(pp. 131-152). Springer New York. Bianchi, M. (2010). Credit constraints, entrepreneurial talent, and economic development.Small business economics,vol. 34 (1), pp. 93. Bjerregaard, T., Lauring, J. (2012). Entrepreneurship as institutional change: Strategies of bridging institutional contradictions.European Management Review,vol. 9 (1), pp. 31-43. Campa, D. (2015). The impact of SMEs pre-bankruptcy financial distress on earnings management tools.International Review of Financial Analysis,vol. 42, pp. 222-234. Covin, J. G., Wales, W. J. (2012). The measurement of entrepreneurial orientation.Entrepreneurship theory and practice,vol. 36 (4), pp. 677-702. Ferguson, A. (2012).Gina Rinehart. Macmillan Publishers Aus.. Hunziker, S., Johansson, A. C., Tschan, F., Semmer, N. K., Rock, L., Howell, M. D., Marsch, S. (2011). Teamwork and leadership in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,vol. 57 (24), pp. 2381-2388. Kautonen, T., Van Gelderen, M., Tornikoski, E. T. (2013). Predicting entrepreneurial behaviour: a test of the theory of planned behaviour.Applied Economics,vol. 45 (6), pp. 697-707. Kreiser, P. M., Marino, L. D., Dickson, P., Weaver, K. M. (2010). Cultural influences on entrepreneurial orientation: The impact of national culture on risk taking and pro activeness in SMEs.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,vol. 34 (5), pp. 959-983. McClelland, D. C. (2015). Achievement motivation theory.Organizational behavior,1, 46-60. Naud, W. (2010). Entrepreneurship, developing countries, and development economics: new approaches and insights.Small business economics,vol. 34 (1), pp. 1. Rozell, E. J., Meyer, K. E., Scroggins, W. A., Guo, A. (2011). Perceptions of the characteristics of successful entrepreneurs: an empirical study in China.International Journal of Management,vol. 28 (4), pp. 60. ?ledzik, K. (2013). Schumpeters view on innovation and entrepreneurship. Stam, E. (2015). Entrepreneurial ecosystems and regional policy: a sympathetic critique.European Planning Studies,vol. 23 (9), pp. 1759-1769. Stefanovic, I., Prokic, S., Rankovi?, L. (2010). Motivational and success factors of entrepreneurs: the evidence from a developing country. Tasker, S., Tasker, S. (2017).1. Gina Rinehart.Theaustralian.com.au. Retrieved 14 August 2017, from https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/the-deal-magazine/50-most-powerful-women-in-business-1-gina-rinehart/news-story/cee16c7bd6c7614433c2c39d6c57af5f Welter, F., Smallbone, D. (2011). Institutional perspectives on entrepreneurial behavior in challenging environments.Journal of Small Business Management,vol. 49 (1), pp. 107-125. Zolin, R., Schlosser, F. (2013). Characteristics of immigrant entrepreneurs and their involvement in international new ventures.Thunderbird International Business Review,vol. 55 (3), pp. 271-284.

British Justification Causes Of The American Revolution free essay sample

British Justification, Causes Of The American Revolution Essay, Research Paper A Non-Oppressive View of Things The American Revolution should non hold happened. The British were non oppressive, oppressive swayers although the American settlements perceived them to be so. That perceptual experience led to revolution and independency. Although Great Britain emerged winning in the Seven Years War, it left Great Britain with important debt. The British looked to America to assist it. First the British began implementing bing Torahs like the Navigation Acts, which put bounds on colonial imports and exports. To implement these Torahs better, the British passed the? Writs of Assistance? that gave functionaries warrants to seek anything or anyone suspected of smuggling, anyplace or anytime. British war vessels would even police American seaports to catch possible runners. These runners, if caught, would be tried in the freshly established Admiralty tribunals. In these tribunals, the accused had no right to test by jury, and the Judgess pocketed a per centum of the mulcts. The British viewed these tribunals as insurance to do certain smuggling stopped ; juries composed of Americans might be biased, so they were done off with. The British besides implemented new revenue enhancements. The Sugar act of 1764 sought to cut down smuggling, which occurred partially as a consequence of the earlier Molasses Act. This gave British ownerships in the Caribbean the upper manus in sugar trade, which in the British position helped the imperium as a whole, but to Americans, and particularly the merchandisers, this put bounds on their chances. The Currency Act, passed about this clip forbade the printing of colonial currency. British merchandisers benefited because they didn? Ts have to cover with hyperbolic American currencies. The Americans felt they were at an economic disadvantage as really small sterling was go arounding throughout the settlements. American refusal to pay revenue enhancements did non assist the British wage off the war debts, nor did it assist pay for costs of garrisoning the American settlements. Soon the Quartering Act was passed, directing the settlements to supply quarters for British soldiers. Americans found this oppressive because it meant that soldiers were placed in colonial places. In 1764 Parliament passed the Stamp Act, seting a responsibility on most printed stuffs. This was a normal revenue enhancement for the British as it had been traveling on in Britain for a long clip, and it made sense that the remainder of their imperium would pay the same revenue enhancement. This placed a load on merchandisers and the colonial elite who did most legal minutess and read the newspapers. Besides passed in the same twelvemonth was the Declaratory Act, which stated that the settlements were capable to the will of Parliament. This made a batch of sense to the British, as Parliament was their opinion organic stru cture ; but, to the settlements who had become used to their ain authorities during the old ages of salutory disregard, this was a direct menace to their manner of life. Three old ages subsequently more responsibilities were imposed on the settlements through the Townshend Acts, which placed revenue enhancements on lead glass, paper, and tea. It reorgan ized the American Customs Service, which enforced the Navigation Act, the Sugar Act, and now the Townshend Acts. The Americans responded to this in many ways, but chiefly by boycotting all British goods and by implementing a non-importation understanding. After losing much money, the British decided to revoke the Townshend responsibilities and others, except the 1 on tea ; it was retained to allow the settlers know that Parliament still had power. This was the right thing for Britain to make, as it reminded the settlements that they were in fact under British regulation. In 1773 the Tea Act was passed giving the British East India Company the monopoly on tea in America. This act would badly take down the monetary value of tea in America, but local American merchandisers feared that if the British could command the tea trade, they would shortly command other industries. The settlers fought this by forestalling British ships from set downing in some ports, or by locking the tea off. In Boston, an incident called the Boston Tea Party happened in which crates of British tea were thrown in the seaport. This hideous act of anarchy against the British authorities, after they had done what they thought was a favour, prompted the British authorities to go through the Coercive Acts. These did many things: they closed the port of Boston until the East India Co. was paid for the lost tea ; they modified the Massachusetts charter ; and they ensured that British functionaries accused of a offense would be tried in England. The Quebec Acts were besides passed in Co njunction with the Coercive Acts. These reestablished French civil jurisprudence throughout these countries, and gave spiritual tolerance to the Roman Catholics of the country. The British did this to warn Americans farther that if they didn? T behave, they would be capable to penalty. Throughout the eighteenth century Parliament passed many Torahs and revenue enhancements directed at the American settlements. The settlements viewed all of these as different signifiers of subjugation, and felt that the British authorities was on a mission to suppress them, in world the antonym was true. As a consequence of the immense debt Great Britain had after the Seven Years war, Britain was forced to revenue enhancement the settlements on a much larger graduated table. As the settlements didn? t even pay sufficiency to back up their ain protection, the Quartering Act was passed to salvage money. Another act that provoked much resistance throughout America was the Stamp Act, that was wholly justified in the British position ; they felt it was a just revenue enhancement as all of Great Britain paid it excessively. The American position of the British as an economic oppressor was besides false. The British felt America was every bit much a portion of the imperium as any, and felt American settlements should be capable to the same controls as the remainder of the imperium. They weren? T intentionally seeking to suppress anyone, and they weren? t oppressive swayers ; they were merely seeking to run a huge imperium, and needed all the different parts of the imperium to take an equal portion in it. They needed the Americans to pay revenue enhancements, and they needed the Americans to purchase sugar from the British East Indies, so each portion would work together to assist the imperium work as a whole.